“This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects and mechanism of cannabigerol against drug-resistant Streptococcus iniae.
The determination of antibacterial activity was based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), growth curve analysis, time-kill assay, biofilm inhibition and eradication assessments.
The antibacterial mechanism was explored by DNA leakage assay, assessment of cell membrane permeability, evaluation of cell membrane integrity, measurement of membrane potential, determination of respiratory chain dehydrogenase activity, and examination by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
The results demonstrated that cannabigerol effectively inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus iniae in vitro.
Mechanistically, cannabigerol induced DNA leakage, impaired cell membrane integrity, hyperpolarized membrane potential, and reduced respiratory chain dehydrogenase activity in S. iniae.
In conclusion, these findings suggest that cannabigerol inhibited the growth of S. iniae by disrupting the cell membrane.”
“This study investigated efficient extraction methods for cannabinoids and terpenes from the above-ground parts of Futura 75, focusing on two techniques: pressurized extraction and magnetic stirrer-assisted extraction. The effects of solvent type, temperature, time, and pressure were evaluated using five organic solvents and two binary solvent systems.
Cannabinoid profiles of obtained extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while terpene profiles were characterized through solid-phase microextraction (SPME) combined with GC-MS. Next, two selected extracts with the highest content of cannabinoid and terpene fractions (Futu1 and Futu2) were tested for antiproliferative activity toward cancer cell lines (MV4-11, AGS, HT-29, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7) and their cytotoxicity was evaluated on non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Extract Futu1 contained 51.57% cannabinoids, 9.8% monoterpenes, and 90.2% sesquiterpenes in the terpene fraction. Futu2 exhibited a higher proportion of monoterpenes in the terpene fraction (19.6% monoterpenes and 80.4% sesquiterpenes) and consisted of 49.49% cannabinoids.
Both extracts exhibited higher selectivity for cancer cells over non-tumorigenic cells, with Futu2 demonstrating stronger antiproliferative properties.”
“Cannabis sativa L., commonly known as hemp, belongs to the Cannabaceae family, which includes two primary cannabis varieties: hemp (Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa) and marijuana (Cannabis sativa L. var. indica).”
“The effects of two selected extracts from the Futura 75 hemp variety—containing cannabinoids and terpene fractions with differing monoterpene-to-sesquiterpene ratios—were investigated for their potential to inhibit cancer cell growth and their safety concerning healthy breast cells. The results indicate that while the extracts are less active than the tested individual cannabinoids, they exhibit significantly higher selectivity toward cancer cells compared to non-tumorigenic cells. Furthermore, the extract with a higher monoterpene content (Futu 2) demonstrated slightly stronger antiproliferative activity.”
“Background:Cannabis sativa L. and its products are becoming popular for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. One of the main phytocannabinoids contained in cannabis is cannabidiol (CBD), which is a component of numerous cosmetic preparations used to treat inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. However, current data regarding the efficacy and safety of CBD for dermatological indications are limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of high-CBD Cannabis sativa L. extract (eCBD) in a model of AD.
Methods: Dermatitis was induced by repeated application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to the skin of the rats’ ears. The therapeutic effect of eCBD was evaluated in behavioral, histopathological, and hematological studies following topical application as an ointment containing 2% CBD.
Results: Application of the ointment containing eCBD resulted in attenuation of DNCB-induced inflammation. Interestingly, an anti-edematous effect was more pronounced in rats treated with the eCBD than in rats treated with 1% hydrocortisone ointment. However, eCBD did not reduce the frequency of DNCB-induced scratching, while there was a visible antipruritic effect of 1% hydrocortisone application. Histopathological analysis revealed that both eCBD and 1% hydrocortisone ointments significantly decreased mast cell count compared with the Vaseline control group. Furthermore, treatment with an ointment containing eCBD resulted in a decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood.
Conclusions: Topically administered eCBD had a stronger anti-edematous effect than glucocorticosteroid and differently affected hematological parameters. It is suggested that eCBD has therapeutic potential for the treatment of AD.”
“Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that Cannabis sativa L. extract containing a high concentration of CBD (eCBD), applied topically in the form of an ointment, showed anti-inflammatory effects, as manifested in a reduction in ear edema in rats with DNCB-induced dermatitis. Interestingly, the anti-edematous effect of eCBD was more pronounced than that observed after hydrocortisone treatment at the concentrations of the substance used. Furthermore, eCBD caused a decrease in the number of mast cells in the inflamed skin and changes in the parameters of the white blood cell system. Therefore, it seems that eCBD may be a valuable addition to therapy in AD patients, but further research is needed.”
“Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated muscles, leading to pain, restricted jaw movement, and impaired quality of life. Conventional treatments, including physical therapy, medications, and surgical interventions, have varying degrees of success and potential side effects. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive component of cannabis, has gained attention for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anxiolytic properties. This study explores the potential role of CBD in TMD management.
Methods: A review of existing literature was conducted (2007-2024), focusing on preclinical and clinical studies assessing the efficacy of CBD in pain modulation, inflammation reduction, and muscle relaxation. Relevant studies were sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Additionally, potential mechanisms of action, including interactions with the endocannabinoid system, were analyzed.
Results: Studies suggest that CBD exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating CB1 and CB2 receptors, reducing cytokine release, and influencing neurotransmitter pathways. Preliminary clinical evidence indicates that CBD may alleviate TMD-related pain and muscle tension with minimal adverse effects. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials are limited.
Conclusions: CBD demonstrates promise as a potential adjunctive treatment for TMD. Further research, including well-designed clinical trials, is necessary to establish its efficacy, optimal dosage, and long-term safety.”
“Within the limitations of this review, current evidence suggests that cannabidiol (CBD) holds promise as a therapeutic adjunct for managing temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Multiple preclinical and preliminary clinical studies highlight that CBD may reduce muscle hyperactivity, alleviate inflammatory pain, and potentially improve patient-reported outcomes such as sleep and anxiety. These findings align with the review’s primary objective, which was to assess whether CBD could mitigate TMD symptoms and serve as a viable treatment option.”
“Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, has attracted significant research interest due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. As a versatile scaffold in drug discovery, CBD has been widely explored for developing novel therapeutics.
In this study, we synthesized and evaluated the anti-tyrosinase activity of CBD-based thiosemicarbazones.
Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses were conducted to assess the impact of various functional groups on tyrosinase inhibition, including an evaluation of inhibitory kinetics for selected compounds.
The synthesized derivatives demonstrated potent tyrosinase inhibition, with activity comparable to kojic acid, a standard tyrosinase inhibitor. Given the crucial role of tyrosinase in melanin biosynthesis, these findings suggest that CBD-based thiosemicarbazones could serve as promising candidates for managing tyrosinase-related disorders, including hyperpigmentation and melanogenesis-related conditions. Moreover, the presence of thiosemicarbazone moieties may contribute to the observed inhibitory effects, potentially through metal chelation at the enzyme’s active site.
This study provides valuable insights into the design of CBD-derived inhibitors targeting tyrosinase. Further optimization and in-depth biological evaluation are warranted to explore their full therapeutic potential.”
“Cannabidiol presents several benefits, including but not limited to its analgesic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-pruritic, and anti-cancer properties.
In this clinical trial, the antimicrobial impact of CBD-infused lozenges on Streptococcus mutans was examined using quantitative polymerized chain reaction (qPCR) bacterial analysis.
This clinical trial involved 30 dental hygiene and nursing students who met the inclusion criteria participated in the study and were divided into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group was given CBD-infused lozenges for 15 days, while the control group received sugar-free candy. Participants consumed one CBD-infused lozenge (300 mg) daily for 15 days, allowing it to dissolve slowly in the mouth for gradual absorption. The study focused on measuring changes in the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans using quantitative polymerized chain reaction (qPCR) tests. Saliva samples were collected, and DNA extracted for qPCR analysis, assessing the bacterial load.
The results, analyzed using a t-test, showed a significant decrease in Streptococcus mutans levels in the experimental group compared to the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.0299).These findings suggest that cannabidiol may effectively reduce Streptococcus mutans in saliva, thus potentially helping to lower the risk of tooth decay as a multifactorial disease.
This study underscores the potential of cannabidiol in enhancing oral health and calls for further research to explore its therapeutic applications in dental care.”
“Current treatments for rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) are not always effective and can lead to dose-limited adverse events, and new treatments are needed for this condition.
We present a case of a patient with treatment-refractory isolated RBD who had a dramatic and sustained improvement in dream enactment behaviors using oral tinctures containing cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol without adverse events over 5 years of follow-up.”
“Introduction: A growing number of publications are devoted to topical cannabinoid therapies in present-day cosmetology, as they appear to be safe and effective treatment modalities aimed at improving the comfort and quality of life of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). A thorough patient interview, physical examination, clinical picture, and aetiopathogenesis of AD allow for a correct diagnosis and enable the choice of the least invasive pharmacological treatment.
Purpose: In our medical experiment, we found a correlation between the findings of studies by other authors and the validation of our hypothesis that topical cannabinoid therapy is effective in the prevention and management of AD flares. A thorough analysis of the obtained results provided insights into the extent to which the applied ointment influenced the improvement of the skin’s biophysical parameters (hydration, lipid content, transepidermal water loss, and erythema).
Patients and methods: This medical experimental study was conducted from May to July 2022 and included a group of nine patients (five men and four women) aged 20- to 67-years-old were diagnosed with AD. The study involved transdermal delivery of an ointment compounded with cholesterol ointment, 30% cannabidiol (CBD), 5% cannabigerol (CBG), and hemp seed oil, and assessment of biophysical skin parameters, including corneometry (skin hydration), TEWL, sebumetry, and pH (acidity).
Results: A preliminary analysis of our pilot study points to the potential of employing ointments and creams containing 30% CBD and 5% CBG as alternatives to conventional auxiliary therapies during both flare-ups and remission. The results we achieved included improved skin hydration, sebum level, and TEWL as well as reduced erythema in the studied areas (forearms).
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that topical cannabinoid therapy is effective in reducing itching and improving the quality of life of patients with AD, leading to symptom remission in some cases.”
“The preliminary analysis of the findings of the pilot study based on a review of recent EBM-compliant studies and the results of our experimental study conducted over a period of three months showed that the topical delivery of the ointment compounded with Cannabis Sativa L. var. sativa oil, cholesterol ointment, 30% CBD, and 5% CBG led to the remission of skin lesions on the forearms of the included patients. Furthermore, in the course of the therapy, patients adhering to the topical cannabinoid regimen achieved satisfactory skin parameters, including normal hydration and sebum levels, as well as improved TEWL and erythema, as opposed to patients who reported failure to comply with the regimen owing to the fatty texture of the formulation, despite the instructions they received.”
“Processing hemp seeds into foods generates several by-products that are rich in nutrients and bioactive phytochemicals. This paper presents a thorough plant metabolite analysis and a comprehensive assessment of the nutrient content of 14 hemp seed-based foods and by-products and evaluates their feasibility to deliver dietary needs and daily recommendations.
The protein-85-product was the hemp food and hemp fudge the hemp by-product with the highest content of protein, 93.01 ± 0.18% and 37.66 ± 0.37%, respectively. Hemp seed-hull flour had the richest insoluble non-starch polysaccharide content (39.80 ± 0.07%). Linoleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid across all the hemp seed-based samples (ranging from 53.80 ± 2.02% in the protein-85-product to 69.53 ± 0.45% in the hemp cream). The omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio varied from 3:1 to 4:1 across all hemp seed-based samples.
The majority of hemp seed-based samples were rich sources of potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Gentisic acid, p-coumaric acid, and syringaresinol were the most abundant plant metabolites measured and found mainly in bound form.
Hemp seed by-products are valuable sources of nutrients capable of meeting dietary needs and, therefore, should be re-valorized into developing healthy food formulations to deliver a truly zero-waste hemp food production.”
“In conclusion, this study shows that hemp seed-based foods and by-products are rich sources of protein and fiber and are particularly rich in micronutrients, including potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus, and bioactive phytochemicals, particularly p-coumaric acid, gentisic acid, syringaresinol, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, benzoic acid, and ferulic acid. Almost all the hemp seed-based samples have the potential to deliver the recommended daily reference nutrient intake for several micronutrients, including magnesium, phosphorus, manganese, and iron. One hundred grams of all the hemp seed-based samples delivered the recommended daily intake for fatty acids, including linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. Furthermore, the omega-6:omega-3 ratio found in all the hemp seed-based foods and in all the by-products was between 3:1 and 4:1 across all the samples analyzed and was not altered during the food processing of hemp seed. Therefore, the findings of this study support the consumption of hemp seed foods as part of the diet to diversify and help meet dietary recommendations.”
“Background: Oncology providers often lack the confidence to make clinical recommendations about medical cannabis (MC). This study aimed to develop and evaluate the feasibility of implementing an educational curriculum on the use of MC in patient care for oncology trainees.
Methods: A multidisciplinary team designed an educational curriculum for MC use in oncology. The curriculum was piloted as a 1-hour interactive webinar across 8 United States-based hematology/oncology fellowship programs between 2022 and 2023. Incentivized surveys measuring feasibility outcomes, including cultural attitudes/norms, acceptability, compatibility, and self-efficacy (a composite index of self-confidence in discussing MC efficacy, risks, modes of use, and role in symptom management), were distributed before, immediately after, and 12 weeks post-webinar.
Results: Of 103 trainees, 75 (72.8%) completed the pretraining survey and 66 (64.1%) completed the posttraining survey. Most respondents believed discussions about the role of MC in symptom management were valuable (n=56; 74.7%), though few (14.7%) believed trainees were expected to engage in such discussions. Most participants rated the curriculum as helpful (92.4%), beneficial for oncology trainees (84.8%), and likely to be recommended to colleagues (87.9%). Post-webinar, 78.8% of participants reported an increased likelihood of initiating discussions with patients regarding MC. There were significant improvements in the composite self-confidence index from pre- to post-webinar (2.7% vs 65.2%; P<.001), which persisted in the follow-up surveys (n=36; response rate, 34.9%).
Conclusions: This multisite study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing a novel curriculum focused on MC for oncology trainees. These findings can guide the design of a prospective, multi-institutional study to evaluate knowledge expansion, retention, and behavioral changes resulting from the intervention.”
“Our prior work demonstrated that training in MC use for patients with cancer is an area of unmet need among hematology/oncology trainees. The current study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of developing and delivering a virtual webinar curriculum on MC for hematology/oncology fellows. Most trainees enjoyed the format and found the content useful and applicable to their practice and education. We observed sustained improvements in self-reported confidence in conducting clinical discussions across all domains included in the curriculum. Furthermore, participants reported increased discussions about MC with patients following the training, aligning with recent expert consensus guidelines. Future efforts should focus on refining this curriculum based on emerging data in the field, developing similar interventions for other oncology health care professionals, and exploring strategies to sustain these educational initiatives. Such efforts are essential to ensure broad implementation, maximize knowledge retention, and facilitate meaningful behavioral changes in real-world clinical practice.”
