“The increasing demand of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has attracted more interest in exploring its phytochemical profile and bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, the phytochemicals of different hemp leaves were investigated, with the content order: total saponins content (TSC) > total alkaloids content (TAC) > total phenolics content (TPC) > total flavonoids content (TFC) > cannabinoids.
Hemp leaves from Shanxi accumulated higher flavonoids and cannabinoids (i.e., THC, CBD, and CBN), while phenolics were more abundant in those from Hunan. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory Matin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell model was established to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of hemp leaf extracts.
Hemp leaf extracts, especially the D129 and c7, significantly increased cell viability of LPS-induced inflammatory MDCK cells, and D132 significantly decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Except for c12, other hemp leaf extracts obviously decreased the cell morphological damage of LPS-induced inflammatory MDCK cells.
The correlation analysis revealed that cannabinol (CBN) and TPC showed the strongest correlation with anti-inflammatory activities, and hierarchical clustering analysis also showed that hemp germplasms from Shanxi might be good alternatives to the common cultivar Ym7 due to their better anti-inflammatory activities.
These results indicated that hemp leaves were effective in LPS-induced inflammatory MDCK cells, and flavonoids and cannabinoids were potential geographical markers for distinguishing them, which can provide new insights into the anti-inflammatory effect of hemp leaves and facilitate the application of hemp leaves as functional ingredients against inflammatory-related disorders.”
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35938104/
“The current findings demonstrated that the contents of various phytochemicals in hemp leaves were generally descending from TSC > TAC > TPC > TFC > cannabinoids. In addition, hemp leaves (0.05 mg/mL), especially hemp leaves cultivated in Shanxi (D129, D130, D132, D134, D142, and D361), reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α), reduced LDH levels, and inhibited the cell morphological changes and the membrane damage of LPS-induced inflammatory MDCK cells. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated phenolics and CBN might be the leading contributors to protecting the MDCK cells from LPS-induced inflammation. Meanwhile, hierarchical clustering indicated hemp leaves from Shanxi performed a better anti-inflammatory activity than the common cultivar Ym7. Thus, it is suggested that these germplasms from Shanxi can be good alternatives to Ym7. Overall, the present study provides scientific evidence for the anti-inflammatory potential of hemp leaves, which can be used in nutraceuticals and functional foods.”
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.902625/full